共爱珠江 | 大江大河—2020西江调查记录
红水河,中国珠江水系干流西江的上游,在贵州省和广西壮族自治区间。源出云南省曲靖市沾益区马雄山,称南盘江,南流至开远折而东,至望谟县与北面来的北盘江相会,始称红水河。
红水河因流经红色砂贝岩层,水色红褐而得名。至天峨县接纳格凸河,折而向南进入广西,至来宾市兴宾区,象州县石龙镇与柳江汇合后改称黔江,在桂平市与郁江汇合称为浔江,浔江过梧州改称西江。
红水河上游南盘江水系图
红水河十级电站分布图
红水河十级电站梯级图
曾经流淌着红水的河流
现在红水河已经变成蓝水河、绿水河
第一站:贵州兴义万峰湖(天生桥一级电站库区)
天生桥一级电站处在珠江流域的南盘江上,位于广西、贵州、云南三省(区)交界处,是红水河梯级开发的龙头电站,电站水库总库容102.6亿立方米,为不完全多年调节水库。
天生桥水电站高坝建成后,桀骜不驯的南盘江,被天生桥水电站高坝拦腰截断,形成了万峰湖。南盘江高坝拦截后形成深170余米、长140公里,蓄水108亿立方米的淡水湖,因地处峰林中,故得名万峰湖。
万峰湖位于黔西南州首府兴义市,地处黔、滇、桂三省区结合部。
湖面宽阔,蓄水量丰富,相当于 2 个云南大理洱海, 17 个贵州清镇红枫湖, 76 个杭州西湖。万峰湖是国家 “ 西电东送 ” 的重要能源基地,是珠江三角洲水质调济的重要源泉,是 “ 珠三角 ” 经济区的重要水源供给地。
红水河上的贵州天生桥一级电站库区(万峰湖)支流电站坝下漂浮垃圾聚集区
万峰湖边田寨村专门设置了民意调查室
万峰湖近天生桥水电站大坝的田寨村游船码头旁河长公示牌,水质目标是“III类及以上”
管理目标(之一):加强小流域综合治理,以植树造林为中心,大力恢复和扩大林草植被。
田寨村游船码头
![](https://ss2.meipian.me/users/6556884/5850a577cb4412cdb73dcffa5ff70f69.jpg?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNjU1Njg4NC81ODUwYTU3N2NiNDQxMmNkYjczZGNmZmE1ZmY3MGY2OS5qcGc=/nickname/54aK5p2o/userid/NjU1Njg4NA==/sign/e59885db9509d2ba2ab3f0a837a78d31%7cimageView2/2/w/750/interlace/0/q/80)
《南盘江河道管理公告牌》“禁止下列活动:(3)设置栏河渔具”
新发现的变相网箱养鱼:用渔网拦截湖湾(栏河渔具)
船工说不让承包人往养鱼的湖湾投入鱼饲料,怎样监督执行?
天生桥一级电站库区“景观”(之一)
天生桥一级电站库区“景观”(之二)
天生桥一级电站库区“景观”(之三)
天生桥一级电站库区“景观”(之四)
![](https://ss2.meipian.me/users/6556884/f24f5bec063a43ecb4769de6f84c6c9f.jpg?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNjU1Njg4NC9mMjRmNWJlYzA2M2E0M2VjYjQ3NjlkZTZmODRjNmM5Zi5qcGc=/nickname/54aK5p2o/userid/NjU1Njg4NA==/sign/e59885db9509d2ba2ab3f0a837a78d31%7cimageView2/2/w/750/interlace/0/q/80)
以伐木后的荒山为背景的宣传牌
“绿水青山就是金山银山”
![](https://ss2.meipian.me/users/6556884/8ce677d59a2d4c6edeab787b47bd34c8.jpg?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNjU1Njg4NC84Y2U2NzdkNTlhMmQ0YzZlZGVhYjc4N2I0N2JkMzRjOC5qcGc=/nickname/54aK5p2o/userid/NjU1Njg4NA==/sign/e59885db9509d2ba2ab3f0a837a78d31%7cimageView2/2/w/750/interlace/0/q/80)
湖岸上挂牌的“司法生态修复基地”
![](https://ss2.meipian.me/users/6556884/883d2b1c7593ac537b7bc8a659268579.jpg?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNjU1Njg4NC84ODNkMmIxYzc1OTNhYzUzN2I3YmM4YTY1OTI2ODU3OS5qcGc=/nickname/54aK5p2o/userid/NjU1Njg4NA==/sign/e59885db9509d2ba2ab3f0a837a78d31%7cimageView2/2/w/750/interlace/0/q/80)
桉树砍伐后的湖岸坡地改种果树
![](https://ss2.meipian.me/users/6556884/4343aaf9f99ae1f0a27e74010401a130.jpg?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNjU1Njg4NC80MzQzYWFmOWY5OWFlMWYwYTI3ZTc0MDEwNDAxYTEzMC5qcGc=/nickname/54aK5p2o/userid/NjU1Njg4NA==/sign/e59885db9509d2ba2ab3f0a837a78d31%7cimageView2/2/w/750/interlace/0/q/80)
乘船考察,船工访谈
![](https://ss2.meipian.me/users/6556884/ed5f8bbd73822313870f2cbf3b939500.jpg?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNjU1Njg4NC9lZDVmOGJiZDczODIyMzEzODcwZjJjYmYzYjkzOTUwMC5qcGc=/nickname/54aK5p2o/userid/NjU1Njg4NA==/sign/e59885db9509d2ba2ab3f0a837a78d31%7cimageView2/2/w/750/interlace/0/q/80)
船工介绍:要求游船上的垃圾投放到码头上的垃圾桶内,投放前要拍照并扫描二维码上传照片。
![](https://ss2.meipian.me/users/6556884/aa108a919d066c47361eac6ff33ffb42.jpg?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNjU1Njg4NC9hYTEwOGE5MTlkMDY2YzQ3MzYxZWFjNmZmMzNmZmI0Mi5qcGc=/nickname/54aK5p2o/userid/NjU1Njg4NA==/sign/e59885db9509d2ba2ab3f0a837a78d31%7cimageView2/2/w/750/interlace/0/q/80)
船工说:停在岸边的大船是污水处理船
![](https://ss2.meipian.me/users/6556884/85c07b9f8a3a9c46e0acd5154af92b98.jpg?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNjU1Njg4NC84NWMwN2I5ZjhhM2E5YzQ2ZTBhY2Q1MTU0YWY5MmI5OC5qcGc=/nickname/54aK5p2o/userid/NjU1Njg4NA==/sign/e59885db9509d2ba2ab3f0a837a78d31%7cimageView2/2/w/750/interlace/0/q/80)
可是每艘游船的厕所排水管都是直通湖面的
![](https://ss2.meipian.me/users/6556884/75ce8dc4d66e74403465fface10b5ce2.jpg?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNjU1Njg4NC83NWNlOGRjNGQ2NmU3NDQwMzQ2NWZmYWNlMTBiNWNlMi5qcGc=/nickname/54aK5p2o/userid/NjU1Njg4NA==/sign/e59885db9509d2ba2ab3f0a837a78d31%7cimageView2/2/w/750/interlace/0/q/80)
船工介绍:万峰湖(天生桥一级电站库区)贵州兴义一侧发牌游船共计三十八艘,目前已停止新发牌照。
![](https://ss2.meipian.me/users/6556884/e67b58ae9f9a23bdd232679cd2fe6506.jpg?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNjU1Njg4NC9lNjdiNThhZTlmOWEyM2JkZDIzMjY3OWNkMmZlNjUwNi5qcGc=/nickname/54aK5p2o/userid/NjU1Njg4NA==/sign/e59885db9509d2ba2ab3f0a837a78d31%7cimageView2/2/w/750/interlace/0/q/80)
天生桥一级电站大坝远眺
![](https://ss2.meipian.me/users/6556884/04d2d6f013490e45fe2e206f25a465ea.jpg?meipian-watermark/bucket/ivwen/key/dXNlcnMvNjU1Njg4NC8wNGQyZDZmMDEzNDkwZTQ1ZmUyZTIwNmYyNWE0NjVlYS5qcGc=/nickname/54aK5p2o/userid/NjU1Njg4NA==/sign/e59885db9509d2ba2ab3f0a837a78d31%7cimageView2/2/w/750/interlace/0/q/80)
天生桥一级电站坝下
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天生桥一级电站库区内
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万峰湖(天生桥一级电站库区)环境问题引起有关部门重视,检察院都介入了。
西江考察时特地租船在湖上走了一圈,网箱确实拆了,但出现了新的湖湾栏网养鱼方式,船工说有关部门不让投饲料,可是在圈定水域不投饲料又是怎样养出鱼来的?还有,游船上的厕所便器都是直通湖水的,污水都还是直排湖中。
蓄水形成的万峰湖景区
烟雨茫茫的湖面
万峰林景区内石灰岩山峰围绕的村庄
出售土产的老人,老人摊上摆放的“土产”都是再简单不过的东西
景区内湖岸边的垃圾
第二站,天峨县(龙滩电站库区)
天峨县,隶属广西壮族自治区河池市,位于广西壮族自治区西北部,红水河上游。土地面积3196平方公里。全县森林面积22.9万公顷,森林覆盖率达82.6%,素有“森林王国”之称;红水河流经县境112公里,水资源占红水河流域总蕴藏量45%。
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-5.jpg)
天峨县政府大楼
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-6.jpg)
天峨县城跨红水河大桥
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-7.jpg)
流过天峨县城的红水河
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-8.jpg)
河岸边的沉船
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-9.jpg)
岸边的露天餐饮摊档炉具
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-10.jpg)
河道里漂浮的死猪
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-11.jpg)
县城河边的菜地
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-12.jpg)
红水河河面上的油污带
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-13.jpg)
穿过县城的支流硬化河道
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-14.jpg)
县城内的截污管
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-15.jpg)
县城河边的河长公示牌
第三站:龙滩电站库区
龙滩水电站是仅次于三峡电站的全国第二大水电站,位于广西天峨县城上游15公里处。设计蓄水位400米,坝高216.5米,坝顶长度是836米,库容273亿立方米,装机容量630万千瓦,年发电量187亿千瓦时。
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-16.jpg)
库区内的游船码头
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-17.jpg)
荒废的游船码头
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-18.jpg)
停运的游船和沉入水底的垃圾
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-19.jpg)
吊运拆除的网箱浮筒
运送回收网箱浮筒的货船
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-22.jpg)
库区内林长制公示牌
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-23.jpg)
昔日繁华的湖区旅游和网箱养鱼场
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-24.jpg)
湖岸上已关闭的游客集散地
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-25.jpg)
清静的龙滩大峡谷旅游点
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-26.jpg)
库区内的木材粗加工场
工人介绍说:桉树采伐周期12年,主要用作造纸原料,柏树采伐周期18年,主要做家具、建材,目前仍存在私人林地和国有林场。
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-27.jpg)
散堆待运的原木
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-28.jpg)
经过粗加工的木材和背后采伐后的山体
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-29.jpg)
采伐后的河岸
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-30.jpg)
红水河的另一个产业——挖沙
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-31.jpg)
运沙码头
第四站:来宾市
来宾市位居广西壮族自治区中部,是桂北与桂南、桂西与桂东的连接部,北与柳州市、桂林市、河池市交界,东与梧州市、桂林市、贵港市相邻,西与河池市、南宁市相交,南与贵港市、南宁市毗邻,是广西壮族自治区北部湾经济区“4+2”城市,珠江—西江经济带城市,同时也是西南出海大通道的重要组成部分。
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-32.jpg)
夕阳西下的红水河
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-36.jpg)
清晨,穿过市区的红水河
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-37.jpg)
市区河岸边的河长公示牌:禁止任何单位和个人违规设置河道排污口。
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-38.jpg)
河长公示牌他用
市区河道边的生活污水排放口
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-40.jpg)
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-42.jpg)
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-41.jpg)
河边钓鱼的市民/污水来自市中心
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-43.jpg)
河边游泳的市民
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-44.jpg)
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第五站:南宁,邕江
邕江,位于广西南部,在南宁市境内,是珠江水系西江支流郁江自西向东流经南宁市河段的别称。起于南宁市西乡塘区宋村(左江和右江汇合点),止于横县六景镇道庄村,流经南宁市的江南区、西乡塘区、兴宁区、良庆区、邕宁区、青秀区、横县。全长全长133.8公里,流域面积6120平方公里,水面面积26.76平方公里。邕江是郁江上段,属西江水系。
水清岸绿的邕江
青秀山下的邕江
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-47.jpg)
河岸边保留的古树
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-48.jpg)
邕江里的游泳者
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-49.jpg)
自来水厂取水泵房
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-50.jpg)
邕江边“开放”的水源保护区
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-51.jpg)
取水口附近的一级水源保护区警示牌
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-52.jpg)
水源保护区范围内河岸边的垃圾
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-53.jpg)
心圩江入邕江水闸外
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-54.jpg)
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![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-55.jpg)
当地民间河长发现污染源
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-56.jpg)
相关部门对民间河长投诉的处理结果——加高了截流井,减少了日常污水溢流
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-57.jpg)
污染源处的河长公示牌
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-57.jpg)
正在实施的心圩江治污项目
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-58.jpg)
南宁市黑臭水体治理示意图
第六站:南宁市交流与考察
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![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-60.jpg)
当地民间河长的分享
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-61.jpg)
南宁市区内的市政污水处理厂
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-62.jpg)
考察示范项目——那考河湿地公园
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![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-63.jpg)
海绵城市示范
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-64.jpg)
人工湿地
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-65.jpg)
经过人工湿地净化后的河道水体
![](https://www.szhb.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/szhb.org-21011304-66.jpg)
加强流域合作,推动水环境保护